Language Research

The Constitution was adopted on December 8, 1992.

Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan On the State Language (December 21, 1995)

Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the State Language, (October 21, 1989), No.3561-XI Differences between the Law on the State Language of 1989 and the Law on the State Language of 1995

• The Law of 1989 begins with an introduction that stresses the importance of a language. The 1995 Law provides only specific, concrete provisions without statements of general nature.
• The Law of 1989 states that the provisions of this law do not regulate the usage of language in the military. The Law of 1995 does not provide for this possibility.
• The 1989 Law guarantees the development and free usage of the Russian language as a language of international communication. The 1995 Law does not single out Russian.
• The 1989 Law grants the right to issue requests to governmental and public organizations and receive replies in the state language. The 1995 Law mentions only the right to issue requests in Uzbek, but does not grant the right to receive replies in the state language.
• The 1989 Law requires a sufficient, for their obligations, knowledge of the state language for a job in the service sphere. The 1995 Law does not provide such a requirement.
• The 1989 Law provides that scientific works can be defended in Russian and other languages. The 1995 Law does not contain such a provision.
• The 1995 Law states that texts of seals and stamps have to be in the state language, whereas the 1989 Law provides that there must also be copies of such texts in Russian.”
• The 1989 Law originally required that Uzbek would be the sole language of official communication by 1998, but that was subsequently modified and now stipulates no specific date. The Government is also in the process of replacing the Cyrillic with the Latin alphabet. However, realizing the difficulties for Uzbeks and minorities alike, the Government has delayed the full transition to both the Uzbek language and the Latin alphabet until the year 2005.”

Law on Citizenship, (1992)

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